Fuel injection technology has evolved from mechanical control to electronic intelligent control. In the early stages, fuel supply transitioned from carburetors to mechanical fuel injection devices.
In the era of electronic control, the emergence of electronic fuel injection technology improved the precision and efficiency of fuel control. Single-point injection systems were an early form of electronic fuel injection technology, exemplified by Chevrolet's Ramjet system introduced in 1957.
Multi-point fuel injection technology further shortened the travel distance of the air-fuel mixture, improving injection precision. Toyota's EFI system, introduced in 1983, achieved closed-loop control of the air-fuel ratio using a hot-wire airflow meter. Direct injection technology, by installing the injector inside the cylinder, achieved even higher fuel-air mixing efficiency.
Diesel injection systems gradually evolved from traditional mechanical pump-pipe-nozzle position-based control to electronic control, and further developed into time-pressure control methods. High-pressure common rail technology emerged around 2000, increasing the maximum injection pressure from 20-24 MPa to over 200 MPa.